Gender affirmation surgery

This is also known as sex-reassignment surgery or gender-reassignment surgery. These surgeries help patients’ physical appearance and function, as well as resemble their identified gender.

The surgery can be divided into “top surgery” and “bottom surgery.”

• “Top surgery” creates breasts for male-to-female transgender patients or removes breasts for female-to-male transgender patients.
• “Bottom surgery” for male-to-female transgender patients includes removing male genitalia and creating female genitalia.
• “Bottom surgery” for female-to-male transgender patients includes creating male genitalia from one’s own tissues or using of implants in combination with one’s own tissue.